xxi, 519 pages : 24 cm

Includes bibliographical references and index

I. The nature of CRM -- 1. Why crew resource management? Empirical and theoretical bases of human factors training in aviation / Robert L. Helmreich and H. Clayton Foushee -- Introduction -- The single-pilot tradition in aviation -- Human error in flight operations -- Group processes and performance in the aviation environment -- Theoretical leveraging of CRM training -- The evolution of CRM training -- CRM and traditional management development training -- Research findings -- Open issues for research -- Conclusions -- References -- 2. Teams, leaders and organizations : new directions for crew-oriented flight training / J. Richard Hackman -- Introduction -- Fact one : cockpit crews are teams -- Fact two : the captain is the team leader -- Fact three : crews operate in organizational context -- Conclusion -- References -- 3. Crews as groups : their formation and their leadership / Robert C. Ginnett -- Individual versus crew orientation -- Crews, groups, and teams -- Group process and leverage -- Leadership -- Leadership at formation : a critical leverage point -- Group shells -- Implications for effective crew leadership -- Conclusion -- References -- 4. Communication and Crew Resource Management / Barbara G. Kanki and Mark T. Palmer -- Introduction -- A historical view of communication and flight safety -- The communication concept -- The functions of communication -- Research issues and applications -- Communication skills training within CRM programs -- Summary -- References -- 5. Decision-making in cockpit / Judith M. Orasanu -- Introduction -- What is cockpit decision-making? -- How do we recognize a good decision in the cockpit? -- How does crew decision-making differ from individual decision-making? -- What contributes to effective crew decision-making? -- Can we train crews to make better decisions? -- Conclusions : what do we still need to know? -- References -- 6. Crew Resource Management training assessment / Steven E. Gregorich and John A. Wilhelm -- Overview -- Modes of assessment -- Assessment criteria -- A model of CRM training assessment -- Discussion -- Summary -- References -- 7. Crew coordination and training in the advanced-technology cockpit / Earl L. Wiener -- Introduction -- The march of automation -- Research in CRM and communication in the high-technology cockpit -- Automation and crew coordination -- Implications for LOFT -- Implications for Government -- Implications for the future -- Summary -- References -- 8. LOFT : full-mission simulation as Crew Resource Management training / Roy E. Butler -- Introduction -- Line operational simulations -- CRM LOFT : an overview -- Ways to implement and improve LOFT -- Other issues -- Conclusions -- References

II. Perspectives -- 9. The regulatory perspective / Richard A. Birnbach and Thomas M. Longridge -- Historical perspective -- Far parts 121 and 135 -- The rationale for CRM training -- Regulatory considerations for CRM -- Considerations for the future -- Conclusions -- References -- 10. The accident investigator's perspective / Phyllis J. Kayten -- Introduction -- Human performance investigation -- NTSB recognition of CRM -- Impact of NTSB on developing CRM, 1979-1986 -- 1987 and beyond -- New directions : expansion of the crew concept -- Conclusions -- References -- 11. Critical issues for CRM training and research / Thomas R. Chidester -- Introduction -- Recommendations provided by the FAA and NASA -- Constraints faced by airlines -- Matching the recommendations with the constraints : is there a conflict? -- Needs of the aviation community : a call for new research directions -- Conclusions -- References -- 12. Training and research for teamwork in the military aircrew / Carolyn Prince and Eduardo Salas -- Introduction -- The Air Carrier Industry and military aviation -- Military ACT / CRM Programs -- Aircrew coordination research in military aviation -- Military aviation CRM and research : the future -- Conclusion -- References -- 13. CRM : cross-cultural perspectives / Neil Johnston -- Introduction -- CRM training : the cross-cultural context -- The effective implementation of CRM training -- CRM revisited : a cross-cultural critique -- Conclusion -- References -- 14. Keeping CRM is keeping the flight safe / Hisaaki Yamamori and Takao Mito -- Introduction -- The grid framework -- Post-training questions and answers -- References -- 15. Developing and implementing CRM Programs : the Delta experience / Robert E. Byrnes and Reuben Black -- Introduction -- The corporate culture -- Methodology and research -- Curriculum development -- Module development -- Facilitator selection and training -- Check Airman and Management Training -- Classroom facilities -- LOFT -- The impact of automation on CRM training -- Epilogue -- Appendix : Delta Airlines statement of automation philosophy -- References

III. Conclusions -- 16. Airline pilot training today and tomorrow / Harry W. Orlady -- Introduction -- The aviation system -- Safety and efficiency in the aviation system -- Airline pilot training -- New training concepts -- Airline pilot training today and tomorrow -- Summary and conclusions -- References -- 17. The future of Crew Resource Management in the cockpit and elsewhere / Robert L. Helmreich, Earl L. Wiener, and Barbara G. Kanki -- Introduction -- Issues in CRM -- Extending CRM concepts beyond the cockpit -- Systems approaches and research challenges -- Implications for education -- Summary -- References

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